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【摘要】介紹BMP圖片上下翻轉(zhuǎn)、添加水印、通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)BMP圖片結(jié)構(gòu)學(xué)習(xí)文件編程。

BMP圖片練習(xí)文件操作（專題練習(xí)）

1.?BMP圖片數(shù)據(jù)取模，模擬圖片取模軟件。(選擇16位或者24位取模方式)

16位。

2.?BMP圖片放大縮小，根據(jù)輸入的尺寸放大縮小圖片。

3.?實(shí)現(xiàn)圖片4種翻轉(zhuǎn)效果: 上、下、左、右。

4.?給圖片的指定位置添加水印

要求: 在圖片的任意位置,添加任意的文字水印。

比如: xxx路口 20181008 11:04

將字庫(kù)加入: ASCII和中文GBK字庫(kù)

??目錄作業(yè): 拷貝目錄下所有文件(指定后綴的文件)到指定目錄下,考慮一層目錄。

多層目錄拷貝。

??Makefile作業(yè): 使用Makefile建立工程，只需要寫(xiě)一個(gè)Makefile文件。

（1）BMP圖片上下翻轉(zhuǎn)實(shí)現(xiàn)

#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 

/* 必須在結(jié)構(gòu)體定義之前使用,這是為了讓結(jié)構(gòu)體中各成員按1字節(jié)對(duì)齊 */
#pragma pack(1)

/*需要文件信息頭:14個(gè)字節(jié) */
struct tagBITMAP_FILE_HEADER
{
	unsigned short bfType;   //保存圖片類似。 'BM' -- 0x4d42
	unsigned int  bfSize;      //圖片的大小
	unsigned short bfReserved1;
	unsigned short bfReserved2;
	unsigned int  bfOffBits;  //RGB數(shù)據(jù)偏移地址
};

/* 位圖參數(shù)信息 */
struct tagBITMAP_INFO_HEADER { 
	unsigned long  biSize;      //結(jié)構(gòu)體大小
	unsigned long  biWidth;		//寬度
	unsigned long  biHeight;	//高度
	unsigned short biPlanes;
	unsigned short biBitCount;	//顏色位數(shù)
	unsigned long  biCompression;
	unsigned long  biSizeImage;
	unsigned long  biXPelsPerMeter;
	unsigned long  biYPelsPerMeter;
	unsigned long  biClrUsed;
	unsigned long  biClrImportant;
};

/*
函數(shù)功能: BMP圖片翻轉(zhuǎn)
函數(shù)參數(shù):
		char *src_BmpFile     :BMP圖片源文件
		char *new_BmpFile     :新文件
返回值  :0表示成功，其他值失敗
*/
int BMPOverturn(char *src_BmpFile,char *new_BmpFile)
{
	/*1. 打開(kāi)源文件*/
	int err=0;
	FILE *bmp_file=fopen(src_BmpFile,"rb");
	if(bmp_file==NULL)
	{
		err=1;
		goto ERROR;
	}
	
	/*2. 圖片參數(shù)獲取*/
	struct tagBITMAP_FILE_HEADER src_head; //BMP文件頭
	memset(&src_head,0,sizeof(struct tagBITMAP_FILE_HEADER));
	if(fread(&src_head,1,sizeof(struct tagBITMAP_FILE_HEADER),bmp_file)!=sizeof(struct tagBITMAP_FILE_HEADER))
	{
		err=2;
		goto ERROR;
	}
	
	if(src_head.bfType!=0x4d42) //判斷類型
	{
		err=3;
		goto ERROR;
	}
	
	struct tagBITMAP_INFO_HEADER src_info; //BMP圖像參數(shù)
	memset(&src_info,0,sizeof(struct tagBITMAP_INFO_HEADER));
	if(fread(&src_info,1,sizeof(struct tagBITMAP_INFO_HEADER),bmp_file)!=sizeof(struct tagBITMAP_INFO_HEADER))
	{
		err=4;
		goto ERROR;
	}
	
	if(src_info.biBitCount!=24) //判斷顏色位數(shù)
	{
		err=5;
		goto ERROR;
	}
	
	/*3. 創(chuàng)建新圖片*/
	FILE *new_file=fopen(new_BmpFile,"wb");
	if(new_file==NULL)
	{
		err=6;
		goto ERROR;
	}
	
	/*3.1 創(chuàng)建BMP文件頭*/
	fwrite(&src_head,1,sizeof(struct tagBITMAP_FILE_HEADER),new_file);
	
	/*3.2 創(chuàng)建BMP圖像參數(shù)*/
	fwrite(&src_info,1,sizeof(struct tagBITMAP_INFO_HEADER),new_file);

	/*3.3 實(shí)現(xiàn)圖片上下翻轉(zhuǎn)*/
	int i;
	int lineByte=src_info.biWidth*3; //一行總字節(jié)數(shù)量
	if(lineByte%4)lineByte++;
	
	int offset=lineByte*(src_info.biHeight-1)+src_head.bfOffBits;
	char *data_p=malloc(lineByte);
	if(data_p==NULL)
	{
		err=7;
		goto ERROR;
	}
	
	for(i=0;i;i++)>

（2）BMP圖片水印添加

#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 

/* 必須在結(jié)構(gòu)體定義之前使用,這是為了讓結(jié)構(gòu)體中各成員按1字節(jié)對(duì)齊 */
#pragma pack(1)

/*需要文件信息頭:14個(gè)字節(jié) */
struct tagBITMAP_FILE_HEADER
{
	unsigned short bfType;   //保存圖片類似。 'BM' -- 0x4d42
	unsigned int  bfSize;      //圖片的大小
	unsigned short bfReserved1;
	unsigned short bfReserved2;
	unsigned int  bfOffBits;  //RGB數(shù)據(jù)偏移地址
};

/* 位圖參數(shù)信息 */
struct tagBITMAP_INFO_HEADER { 
	unsigned long  biSize;      //結(jié)構(gòu)體大小
	unsigned long  biWidth;		//寬度
	unsigned long  biHeight;	//高度
	unsigned short biPlanes;
	unsigned short biBitCount;	//顏色位數(shù)
	unsigned long  biCompression;
	unsigned long  biSizeImage;
	unsigned long  biXPelsPerMeter;
	unsigned long  biYPelsPerMeter;
	unsigned long  biClrUsed;
	unsigned long  biClrImportant;
};

/*--  文字:  水  --*/
/*--  宋體42;  此字體下對(duì)應(yīng)的點(diǎn)陣為：寬x高=56x56   --*/
const unsigned char font0[]=
{
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7E,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7F,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7E,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7C,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7C,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7C,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x7C,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7C,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x7C,0x00,0x0C,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7C,0x00,0x0E,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7E,0x00,
0x1F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7E,0x00,0x3F,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7E,0x00,0x7F,0xC0,
0x00,0x00,0x18,0x7E,0x00,0xFE,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3C,0x7F,0x00,0xF8,0x00,0x1F,0xFF,
0xFE,0x7F,0x03,0xF0,0x00,0x0F,0xFF,0xFF,0x7F,0x87,0xC0,0x00,0x07,0x80,0x7E,0x7F,
0x8F,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7C,0x7F,0x9F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7C,0x7F,0xFC,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0xF8,0x7D,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xF8,0x7D,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0xF8,0x7C,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0xF0,0x7C,0xF0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0xF0,
0x7C,0xF0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0xF0,0x7C,0x78,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x03,0xE0,0x7C,0x7C,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x03,0xE0,0x7C,0x3C,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x07,0xC0,0x7C,0x3E,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x07,0xC0,0x7C,0x1E,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x80,0x7C,0x1F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0F,
0x80,0x7C,0x0F,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x00,0x7C,0x0F,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x1E,0x00,0x7C,
0x07,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x3E,0x00,0x7C,0x03,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x3C,0x00,0x7C,0x03,0xF0,
0x00,0x00,0x78,0x00,0x7C,0x01,0xFC,0x00,0x00,0xF8,0x00,0x7C,0x00,0xFE,0x00,0x00,
0xF0,0x00,0x7C,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x01,0xE0,0x00,0x7C,0x00,0x7F,0xC0,0x03,0xC0,0x00,
0x7C,0x00,0x3F,0xE0,0x07,0x80,0x00,0x7C,0x00,0x1F,0xFC,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0x7C,0x00,
0x0F,0xFC,0x1E,0x00,0x00,0x7C,0x00,0x07,0xE0,0x1C,0x00,0x00,0x7C,0x00,0x03,0xC0,
0x38,0x00,0x7F,0xFC,0x00,0x01,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x7F,0xFC,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x0F,0xFC,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x03,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0xF0,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
};
/*--  文字:  印  --*/
/*--  宋體42;  此字體下對(duì)應(yīng)的點(diǎn)陣為：寬x高=56x56   --*/
const unsigned char font1[]=
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x03,0xE0,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0xF0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0xF0,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0xE0,0x00,0x03,0x00,0x01,0x87,0xF8,0x03,0x80,0x03,0xC0,0x01,
0xFF,0xC0,0x03,0xFF,0xFF,0xE0,0x01,0xFC,0x00,0x03,0xFF,0xFF,0xE0,0x01,0xE0,0x00,
0x03,0xC0,0x07,0xC0,0x01,0xE0,0x00,0x03,0xC0,0x07,0xC0,0x01,0xE0,0x00,0x03,0xC0,
0x07,0xC0,0x01,0xE0,0x00,0x03,0xC0,0x07,0xC0,0x01,0xE0,0x00,0x03,0xC0,0x07,0xC0,
0x01,0xE0,0x00,0x03,0xC0,0x07,0xC0,0x01,0xE0,0x00,0x03,0xC0,0x07,0xC0,0x01,0xE0,
0x00,0x03,0xC0,0x07,0xC0,0x01,0xE0,0x00,0x03,0xC0,0x07,0xC0,0x01,0xE0,0x00,0x03,
0xC0,0x07,0xC0,0x01,0xE0,0x03,0x03,0xC0,0x07,0xC0,0x01,0xE0,0x07,0x83,0xC0,0x07,
0xC0,0x01,0xFF,0xFF,0xC3,0xC0,0x07,0xC0,0x01,0xFF,0xFF,0xE3,0xC0,0x07,0xC0,0x01,
0xE0,0x00,0x03,0xC0,0x07,0xC0,0x01,0xE0,0x00,0x03,0xC0,0x07,0xC0,0x01,0xE0,0x00,
0x03,0xC0,0x07,0xC0,0x01,0xE0,0x00,0x03,0xC0,0x07,0xC0,0x01,0xE0,0x00,0x03,0xC0,
0x07,0xC0,0x01,0xE0,0x00,0x03,0xC0,0x07,0xC0,0x01,0xE0,0x00,0x03,0xC0,0x07,0xC0,
0x01,0xE0,0x00,0x03,0xC0,0x07,0xC0,0x01,0xE0,0x00,0x03,0xC0,0x07,0xC0,0x01,0xE0,
0x00,0x03,0xC0,0x07,0xC0,0x01,0xE0,0x00,0x73,0xC0,0x07,0xC0,0x01,0xE0,0x03,0xF3,
0xC0,0x07,0xC0,0x01,0xE0,0x3F,0x83,0xC0,0x07,0xC0,0x01,0xE1,0xFE,0x03,0xC7,0xFF,
0xC0,0x01,0xFF,0xF0,0x03,0xC1,0xFF,0xC0,0x03,0xFF,0xC0,0x03,0xC0,0x7F,0x80,0x03,
0xFF,0x00,0x03,0xC0,0x1F,0x00,0x01,0xFC,0x00,0x03,0xC0,0x0E,0x00,0x01,0xF0,0x00,
0x03,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xE0,0x00,0x03,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x03,0xC0,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x03,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x03,0xC0,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x03,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x03,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x03,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x03,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x03,
0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x03,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
};
/*
函數(shù)功能: 針對(duì)BMP圖片實(shí)現(xiàn)的畫(huà)點(diǎn)函數(shù)
函數(shù)參數(shù):
	char *bmp_mem  :表示BMP圖片RGB顏色數(shù)據(jù)的首地址
	int x
	int y
	int color	   :畫(huà)點(diǎn)的顏色值
	
	BMP_DrawPoint(bmp_mem,100,100,0);
*/
unsigned int bmp_Width; //保存BMP圖片的寬度
void BMP_DrawPoint(unsigned char *bmp_mem,int x,int y,int color)
{
	unsigned char *rgb=(unsigned char *)(bmp_mem+y*bmp_Width*3+x*3);
	*rgb=color>>0&0xFF;
	*(rgb+1)=color>>8&0xFF;
	*(rgb+2)=color>>16&0xFF;
}

/*
函數(shù)功能: 在BMP圖片的指定位置添加字符串
說(shuō)明: 傳入的取模字體必須是8的倍數(shù)(寬度和高度是相等)
*/
void BMP_ShowString(unsigned char *bmp_mem,unsigned char *font,int x,int y,int size,int color)
{
	int i,j;
	int x0=x;
	unsigned char data;
	for(i=0;i

學(xué)習(xí)Makefile

1.?學(xué)習(xí)什么是目標(biāo)文件: 該如何定義

2.?學(xué)習(xí)什么是目標(biāo)依賴文件:該如何定義

3.?Makefile本身推導(dǎo)規(guī)則: 如何根據(jù)目標(biāo)和目標(biāo)依賴文件去進(jìn)行編譯生成目標(biāo)。

4.?學(xué)習(xí)特殊變量的定義和功能使用: VPATH\ CC\ CFLAGS

5.?條件判斷語(yǔ)句、常用的幾個(gè)函數(shù) $(Shell ls)。

6.?自動(dòng)化編譯的符號(hào): $@ $< $^ %

make <參數(shù)> -n表示調(diào)試不編譯 -s 隱藏命令的輸出

關(guān)于make命令運(yùn)用時(shí)傳遞的參數(shù):

make abc=123 app -ns

Shell腳本編程

Shell腳本: 是一個(gè)編程語(yǔ)言(腳本類型的編程語(yǔ)言、解釋類型編程語(yǔ)言)

變量、for循環(huán)、while循環(huán)、if語(yǔ)言、switch語(yǔ)句、函數(shù)….

??Linux開(kāi)發(fā): 側(cè)重于驅(qū)動(dòng)開(kāi)發(fā)、側(cè)重于運(yùn)維開(kāi)發(fā)。

;i++)>

聲明：本文內(nèi)容及配圖由入駐作者撰寫(xiě)或者入駐合作網(wǎng)站授權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)載。文章觀點(diǎn)僅代表作者本人，不代表電子發(fā)燒友網(wǎng)立場(chǎng)。文章及其配圖僅供工程師學(xué)習(xí)之用，如有內(nèi)容侵權(quán)或者其他違規(guī)問(wèn)題，請(qǐng)聯(lián)系本站處理。舉報(bào)投訴

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