10個經典的C語言基礎算法及代碼

算法是一個程序和軟件的靈魂，作為一名優(yōu)秀的程序員，只有對一些基礎的算法有著全面的掌握，才會在設計程序和編寫代碼的過程中顯得得心應手。本文包括了經典的Fibonacci數列、簡易計算器、回文檢查、質數檢查等算法。

1、計算Fibonacci數列

Fibonacci數列又稱斐波那契數列，又稱黃金分割數列，指的是這樣一個數列：1、1、2、3、5、8、13、21。

C語言實現(xiàn)的代碼如下：

Enter number of terms: 10Fibonacci Series: 0+1+1+2+3+5+8+13+21+34+也可以使用下面的源代碼：/* Displaying Fibonacci series up to certain number entered by user. */#include int main(){int t1=0, t2=1, display=0, num;printf("Enter an integer: ");scanf("%d",&num);printf("Fibonacci Series: %d+%d+", t1, t2); /* Displaying first two terms */ display=t1+t2;while(display

結果輸出：

Enter an integer: 200FibonacciSeries:0+1+1+2+3+5+8+13+21+34+55+89+144+

2、回文檢查

源代碼：

/* C program to check whether a number is palindrome or not */#include int main(){int n, reverse=0, rem,temp;printf("Enter an integer: ");scanf("%d", &n); temp=n;while(temp!=0) { rem=temp%10; reverse=reverse*10+rem; temp/=10; } /* Checking if number entered by user and it's reverse number is equal. */if(reverse==n) printf("%d is a palindrome.",n);elseprintf("%d is not a palindrome.",n);return 0;}

結果輸出：

Enter an integer: 1232112321 is a palindrome.

3、質數檢查

注：1既不是質數也不是合數。

源代碼：

/* C program to check whether a number is prime or not. */#include int main(){int n, i, flag=0;printf("Enter a positive integer: ");scanf("%d",&n);for(i=2;i<=n/2;++i) {if(n%i==0) { flag=1;break; } }if (flag==0)printf("%d is a prime number.",n);elseprintf("%d is not a prime number.",n);return 0;}

結果輸出：

Enter a positive integer: 2929 is a prime number.

4、打印金字塔和三角形

使用 * 建立三角形

源代碼：

#include int main(){int i,j,rows;printf("Enter the number of rows: ");scanf("%d",&rows);for(i=1;i<=rows;++i) {for(j=1;j<=i;++j) {printf("* "); }printf("\n"); }return 0;}

如下圖所示使用數字打印半金字塔。

11 21 2 31 2 3 41 2 3 4 5

源代碼：

#include int main(){int i,j,rows;printf("Enter the number of rows: ");scanf("%d",&rows);for(i=1;i<=rows;++i) {for(j=1;j<=i;++j) {printf("* "); }printf("\n"); }return 0;}

用 * 打印半金字塔

源代碼：

#include int main(){int i,j,rows;printf("Enter the number of rows: ");scanf("%d",&rows);for(i=rows;i>=1;--i) {for(j=1;j<=i;++j) {printf("* "); }printf("\n"); }return 0;}

用 * 打印金字塔

源代碼：

#include int main(){int i,space,rows,k=0;printf("Enter the number of rows: ");scanf("%d",&rows);for(i=1;i<=rows;++i) {for(space=1;space<=rows-i;++space) {printf(" "); }while(k!=2*i-1) {printf("* "); ++k; } k=0;printf("\n"); }return 0;}

用 * 打印倒金字塔

源代碼：

#includeint main(){int rows,i,j,space;printf("Enter number of rows: ");scanf("%d",&rows);for(i=rows;i>=1;--i) {for(space=0;space

5、簡單的加減乘除計算器

源代碼：

/* Source code to create a simple calculator for addition, subtraction, multiplication and division using switch...case statement in C programming. */# include int main(){char o;float num1,num2;printf("Enter operator either + or - or * or divide : ");scanf("%c",&o);printf("Enter two operands: ");scanf("%f%f",&num1,&num2);switch(o) {case '+':printf("%.1f + %.1f = %.1f",num1, num2, num1+num2);break;case '-':printf("%.1f - %.1f = %.1f",num1, num2, num1-num2);break;case '*':printf("%.1f * %.1f = %.1f",num1, num2, num1*num2);break;case '/':printf("%.1f / %.1f = %.1f",num1, num2, num1/num2);break;default:/* If operator is other than +, -, * or /, error message is shown */printf("Error! operator is not correct");break; }return 0;}

結果輸出：

Enter operator either + or - or * or divide : -Enter two operands: 3.48.43.4 - 8.4 = -5.0

6、檢查一個數能不能表示成兩個質數之和

源代碼：

#include int prime(int n);int main(){int n, i, flag=0;printf("Enter a positive integer: ");scanf("%d",&n);for(i=2; i<=n/2; ++i) {if (prime(i)!=0) {if ( prime(n-i)!=0) {printf("%d = %d + %d\n", n, i, n-i); flag=1; } } }if (flag==0)printf("%d can't be expressed as sum of two prime numbers.",n);return 0;}int prime(int n) /* Function to check prime number */{int i, flag=1;for(i=2; i<=n/2; ++i)if(n%i==0) flag=0;return flag;}

結果輸出：

Enter a positive integer: 3434 = 3 + 3134 = 5 + 2934 = 11 + 2334 = 17 + 17

7、用遞歸的方式顛倒字符串

源代碼：

/* Example to reverse a sentence entered by user without using strings. */#include void Reverse();int main(){printf("Enter a sentence: "); Reverse();return 0;}void Reverse(){char c;scanf("%c",&c);if( c != '\n') { Reverse();printf("%c",c); }}

結果輸出：

Enter a sentence: margorp emosewaawesome program

8、實現(xiàn)二進制與十進制之間的相互轉換

/* C programming source code to convert either binary to decimal or decimal to binary according to data entered by user. */#include #include int binary_decimal(int n);int decimal_binary(int n);int main(){int n;char c;printf("Instructions:\n");printf("1. Enter alphabet 'd' to convert binary to decimal.\n");printf("2. Enter alphabet 'b' to convert decimal to binary.\n");scanf("%c",&c);if (c =='d' || c == 'D') {printf("Enter a binary number: ");scanf("%d", &n);printf("%d in binary = %d in decimal", n, binary_decimal(n)); }if (c =='b' || c == 'B') {printf("Enter a decimal number: ");scanf("%d", &n);printf("%d in decimal = %d in binary", n, decimal_binary(n)); }return 0;}int decimal_binary(int n) /* Function to convert decimal to binary.*/{int rem, i=1, binary=0;while (n!=0) { rem=n%2; n/=2; binary+=rem*i; i*=10; }return binary;}int binary_decimal(int n) /* Function to convert binary to decimal.*/{int decimal=0, i=0, rem;while (n!=0) { rem = n%10; n/=10; decimal += rem*pow(2,i); ++i; }return decimal;}

結果輸出：

9、使用多維數組實現(xiàn)兩個矩陣的相加

源代碼：

#include int main(){int r,c,a[100][100],b[100][100],sum[100][100],i,j;printf("Enter number of rows (between 1 and 100): ");scanf("%d",&r);printf("Enter number of columns (between 1 and 100): ");scanf("%d",&c);printf("\nEnter elements of 1st matrix:\n");/* Storing elements of first matrix entered by user. */for(i=0;i

結果輸出：

10、矩陣轉置

源代碼：

#include int main(){int a[10][10], trans[10][10], r, c, i, j;printf("Enter rows and column of matrix: ");scanf("%d %d", &r, &c);/* Storing element of matrix entered by user in array a[][]. */printf("\nEnter elements of matrix:\n");for(i=0; i

結果輸出：